portraiture

application
i think its the creation of a portrait taken to represent a person in most cases the shoot would be taken to show a emotion the person is expressing in different scenarios most photographers trys to capture an emotion that wasn't put on for the camera.
the portraits first created were of people rich and powerful expressing there power and the photo would have been influenced by how the person wanted to look rather than during the 60s portraits went in another direction because the photographer were trying to catching their people in moments when they are least prepared which showed a new side to portraits.

Diane Arbus focused her time on taken images of the unhappy side of life with portrait of dull face expressions, people at eases she was trying to show a real side of people not the put on face for the photo and he got recognized for it the family Matthaei ask her to take a family portrait which had happened every year in for the family and Diane's work didn't show smiles it was dull faces.

context
portraits are now used in every day life to aware a person about something for example company's use them to advertise on bill boards, posters, signs leaflets and one of the bigger uses of portraits is the Internet displaying them on practically every web site you go on and in other cases portraits and used for identity purposes like money has the queens head as well as bank notes and business use them to brand stuff so people are aware that its from there company

thechniques
in the start the portraits being created were of kings and queen which meant they choose the scene in which the shoot was going to taken how they look and what the portrait is meant to show for example to show the power of the person they would wear loads of gold and a crown and all that to influence the portrait but during the 60s photographers begain to just walk the street trying to get the right image